Gas-administering apparatus



Oct. 9, 1928; 1,687,255

4E. McKEssQN GAS ADMINISTERING APPARATUS H a mma@ INVENTEJR 0d. 9, 1928. E. l. McKEssoN GAS ADMINI STERING APPARATUS 'Filed sept. 12. 1921 z sheets-sheet 2 IDE UJI

ff "i" rtm1-"IN E Y Oct. 9, 1928. 1,687,255

` E. McKEssoN GAs ADMINISTERING APPARATUS Filed sept. 12. 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 E INVENTDR Y column.

(rig-S. i, s).

iaatented ct. 9, 1928.'

UNITED STATES PAT.igzisir oFFi-CE.-

Eni/IER LI. McKiissoN, or TOL-Eno, omo.

GAS-ADMINISTERING APPARATUS.` 'i

Application filed September 12,1921. Serial No. 500,051.

This invention relates to ther handling of gas or gases.

This invention has u tility when incorporated in apparatus for administering gas for anaesthesia, analgesia, pain allaying cases and resuscitation.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation, with parts broken away, of an embodiment of the invention in a portable gas administering machine'for nitrous oxid l Fig. 2 is a fragment apparatus of Fig.v 1; i

and oxygen anaesthesia ar alan view of the Y l wie 3 is a side elevation, with parts broken i .g away, v e.

a g. u Y the oxygen proportion together with ,the auto valve;

Fig.

of the showing oi' the device in'Fig. 2; 4 is a section, on an enlarged scale,of

ing or control valve matic oxygen supply 5 is a sectionthrough the vaporizer or ether cup together with the nitrous oxid valve and the check valve associated` therewith Ti' n ig.

Fig.

6 is a view, in rear elevation, of the tace nozzle. or mask, showing the. mounting tiereior with the relief valve in section;

7 is a view showing themask, partly broken away, and in mounting position; andl Fig. 3 is a section on Fig. 5.

the line VHT-VIIL A. base 1 is provided having upstanding tube 2 as th therefrom This column e lower member. of a section 2 isv provided with set screw 3 permitting` telescopic adjustment therein of second column member 4 ries a cross member 5 yokes 6, 7 (Fig. 2), and

to, valve carrying arms 3, 9.

with the column 2, 4, member shifting of to place.

i ell Y This column memberv 4 carhaving arm carrying at right angles .there- In alignment and above this vcross 5 is handle 10 permitting ready assembled device from place A supply tank 11 (Fig. 1), of the oitygcn under pressure may be in' lined relation in the yoke pon opening valve 11 of oxygen, this tank 11 memb-r E. tending upward to tan rp-ii I supply tank 11 yoke 7 passes into arm or oxygen gauge 16.

the duct mounted by screw 12 13 oiE the supply tank theoxygen gas may flow from by wayV of `duct14in the cross This duct 14 has a branch 15 eir-k k pressure indicating v'From the oxy- 14 from the 9, Member 17 has a threaded portion` 18 yscrewed into the internelly threaded arm`9 inhot solder for bringing into proper spaced relation outwardly eX- tending terminal port 19. makesit possibleto produce ay tight joint and maintain therproper'position .for vthis The hot solder port 19. In the assembly of this member 17 .retainV dirt or fine dust kso that such may not be Ydetrimentally distributed Jfor interfering operation of 'theL device. This.

with the j plunger26 has rounded end 28 protruding from the guide 23 remotev from the port 19. Mounted on theprotrudingv end ot this cylindrical guide23 is flange 29 having annular groove 3() in wh'ich'is soldered a rim`v or p`e- .ripheral iange of a corrugated diaphragm 31 disposed to pack or close theguide 23 and to be contacted on one side by therounded end 28'- of the plunger 26.v This diaphragmv 31 is housed by a cap 32 held in position thereon by a set screw 32..

its closedV forward end an opening 33 as a guide for stem 34 directed to contact the dia-v rom yvalve housing having' a port 24 Vto abut the porty 19. .l

This cap 32 concentric with its mounting on the flange 29 has in phragm 31 in opposition to the rounded end 28 of the plunger 26.

This cap member 32 also carries a pair of flanges or opposing ears35 mounting near the/top thereof a fulcrumf pin 36 for a lever 37 mountedfto extend downwardly there-k from. This lever has therethrough a set" screw 38 which may adjust the position of the lever 37 asto stem 34. The lower freeend of this lever 37 has a tooth segment lportion 39 in mesh with pinion 40 on ulcrum pin 41.

This pinionL 40. is fast withY depending lever 42. i The housing yguide 23. airinternally 22 has, below the cylindrical threaded portion 43 i to be engaged by threaded extension ornip'- ple 44 thereby to mount a bag 45. This oxygen bag 45 is shown as of gusseted form, listensible vand of rubber. The continuation ol the lever'42l downward from-,the fulcrum 4l is so bowed that it will allow the bag to assume the desired degree oi fullness in the normal operation of the machine consistent with rounding out oi' the bag. Tn order that this bag 45 may not swing aroundor get snarled in handling the device oic this disclosure, the bag 45 is provided with an ear 46 (F ig. 3), having an openingtherein to be engaged by a cord 47, which cordl 47 may be tied tothe column 2, 4. As the bag 45 expands it rounds `out into the curved form ot the lever 42 and in tending' to rock the lever 42 on tulcrum 41 causes the pinion 40 to mesh with the segment 39 to act upon the second lever 37. There is accordingly herein a compound lever structure iter multiplying they action' of the degree of change in size of the bag 45. Accordingly there is a supersensitive condition in the maintenance oi the `constant size for the oxygen bag 45, transmitted through the compound lever mechanism to shift the plunger 26 and thereby control the ini et supplyoi oxygen from the tank n 11, duct 14, and member Aport 19. The diaphragm l4)7 above the cylindrical I port 51 may 17 by way of the 31 pac is this port controling plunger 26v against leakage of `the high pressure supply4 of the gas and still ypermits a very sensitive control ot the port 19, for the plunger 26 is free for very easy movement in the guide 23..

In this valve housing 22 adjacent to the guide 23 andv upwardly extending therefrom is port 48 (Fig: 2). This housing 22 (Fig.

guide 23 has a cylindrical seat 49 to which this port 48 leads. In this seat 49is disposed cylindrical valve element 50 of a proportioning valve provided with a narrow port portion 51 and connected thereto a wider portportion 52. This vvalve 50 is shifted by ineansof handle 53 so that its indicator mark 54 may be shifted as to moreiine readings in scale portion 55 as controlled by the narrower port portion 51 merging into less fine graduations of scale portion 56- as controlled by port portion 52.

As an instance in practice with the element 50 slightly over one inch'in diameter the have an angular extent of say 7 2o and likewise the port 52 have an angular extent also of 72O 'making the total port opening extent 144o in opening' port 57 as controlled by this vvalve element 50. YExtending from this port 57 of the dcniountable automatic valve housing 22 for the oxygen bag 45 on the oxygen side. of the apparatus of this disclosure there shown a duct 58 herein a. detachable and llexible hose ,extending to a second valve housing 59 (Figs. 2, 3j, 5), detachably mounted on the arm 8 oppositely extending from the arm 9 of the device. This valve housing 59 has rasante ln the yoke 6 opposite the yoke 7 is nitrous oxid tank63 held in position by set screw 12 and having vits valve 13 opened to permit flow ot nitrous oxid gas from the tank 63 by way of duct 64 having branch 65 extending to nitrous-oxid tank pressure gauge or indicator 66. This duct 64 leads vto a member 17 and has Vcommunication by way oi a port 19 to a cylindrical member 23 in the housing 59. A port 24 'from this cylindrical-ineinber 28 in the` housing59has tubularextensicn 67 to which'is'connecteda flexible tube or hose 68 extending downward into nitrous oxid bag 69 connected by nipple 44. to the housing 59. There is an automatic valve which carried by this housing 59 similar in general features of construction and operation to the automatic valve which carriedV by the housing 22. This auto- Y volume of nitrous oxid into the nitrous oxid bag G9 than is the sound given to the supply oi!y oxygen into the oxygen bag 46. The nitrous oxid from the bag 69 may pass up under the check valve 62 by way of a port 48. Accordingly this single check valve 62 is an automatic valve controlling the flow` of gas passing Athis check valve 62 not onlyA ot the nitrous oxid from the nitrous oxid bag 69 but also of the oxygen from the oxygen bag 46.

The valve lhousing 59 has at-its upper portion an externally threaded extension 70 to be engagedby-internally threaded portion 71 of delivery duct 72 from this housing 59 (F ig. 5). This delivery duct 72 hasav hexagonal portion 73 forming a sort of nut exterior of the threaded portion 7l so that this delivery duct 72 may bel turned up into engagement with the threaded portion71. This brings prongs 74 into position inthe housing' 5.9 so that the lifting ofthecheck valve 62' may not be to a height which may oit upwardly extending tubular stem K7-of` This lower cup member 78 of a vaporizer. lower vaporizer cup member 77, 78. has inward of the member 77 a concentric tubular bearing 79 engaging the exterior of thedewhich rests a check vaive disk 62 ether cup 77, 78,83,

livery duct 72. This cup is-held against settling or adjusting into locking or binding relation with the tubeor duct 72 byj adjustable set screw (Fig. 3) from the nut por.- tion 7 8 of the member 72. 1

The lower cup 78 of e, lie vaporizer or etherV cup has an annular seat- 81 to receive a gaskeit-82 oi' flexible material, herein -cork being used. Upon this cork gasket 82 is placed a cylindrical transparent portion 83.r This porti n 83 is in this instance glass. Opposing the Ypacking 82 this glass clyinder 83 seats against a second cork gasket '81 in seat 85 ot ether. cupjtop 86-whicli has threaded engagement with the protiuding upper end or" the central stem'77 ofthe ether cup base 77, 7 8.A A filling unnel87 is providedin the' top 86 and this may be closed-by a stopper 88 as otcork. c

Accordingly in the operation of this ether cupl there may be placed in the base 77, 7 8, a librous material 89, as loosely woven fabric toprovide additional evaporating surface for the ether. As the ether is poured into the funnel 87 and the stopper 88 closed, the capillaryl attraction of the `ether in saturat ing the fabric 89 givesa large exposed area for sui-tace evaporat-ion. The gases entering this vaporizer by way of the port 75. 7 6may take up a volume olithis ether from this and 4in passing therefrom by way of port 90 in the stem 77 and through port 91 rof theconcentric porti-on 92 pass throughthe portion 92 as the special delivery duct section.

Direct flow of gas from the `section 72 to the section 78 of the delivery duct is not permitted when the ports7 5, 76, and .90, 91, are fully open. However,`when the ports are partially open ports 9a, 95, allow some gas to by-pass' through thecup but when `the ports 75, 76, 90, 91, are Jfully closed, these ports ,94, 95, come into ull register so that-l full bynpassing ottliis there is a denite vaporizer'or ether cup. Graduations 93 carried bythe periphery of base 77, 7 8, of the ether cup disclose the amount ot the opening Aoit the ports as indicated by iiXed pointer 94 as anchored by set screw 95 to the member 72 above the hexagonal portion 7 3. Aset screw 96 (Fig. 8) through the central tubular stem 77 of the ether cup base passes through slot 97 in the duct 72 to hold the member provid- -ingthe port 911 to rotate with the cup in the by-pass with the simultaneous control of the shittingof the vaporizer.

Mounted on the delivery. duct section 92 is a member having a supply stem portion 98 i and a delivery stem portion 99 (Fig. 1). 'ln line with this delivery stem portion 99 but slightly bent is a tubular section 100 upon bag 101 of a capacity less than the tidal respiration capacity of the patient being treated.

`The delivery section 99 of thismember 98,

yspring may 'held by cap having integral .therewitha likewise so '102 may nitrous oXid tank 99, 100,. is connected to flexible tube or duct i y-102o'ttlie general delivery tube which eX- tends to a 4second member having tubular connection 103 .With the .tube102f This three .armed orisecond yT-member has besidesv the a delivery tubularv i yortion 104 and, -at an yangle thereto, a relie valve carrying tubular portion 105'.k This relief. valve carrying por# tion 105 is provided disk 107 normallyheld thereagainst by` a spring 108, i'L-hegholding act-ion of be adjusted by set screw 109 as 110., This cap 110L (Figs. 1, 6) portion provided With .an A relatively V111 hasya cylindrical annular series of 'ports 111.y sliiftable shield 112 aboutftliese ports with a seat 106 for ay '77o supply tubuiarportionlOS, (Figs. 1,6, 7), r

which serves to directY the lsurplusof exhalation away vfrom the. operatorA aswell/as away Vfrom the patient in such direction as may be desired. l Y

Upon this portion-104 ofthis T-inember 103, 10e, 105, herein shown as rubber tubular section`113 lip shield 111, a tongue holding` device 115 to preclude the patient from sticking the tongue into the tubularV portion 104 thereby clogging; the supply or outflow-of gas. 'In 4addition to V,this lip shield 111l there is a relatively independently adjustable sheetor face shield- 116 which `may of 'the patient by using extensible straps'117 about the head` of the patient. Y Accordingly there is here provided a moutlimask which will permit snug the tace ot the patient thereby minimizing any chance` or Waste orescape Vof gas, and holding the'mouth of the patient openthat there must bea supply and discharge ot gas and that the-mask orifice may not be clogged by the 'patientis'tongue The apparatusmay be knocked down'into a very compact moving the sections .of the column 2, 4, and byloosening the nuts 20, turning or shifting the housings 22, 59, into desired compact posit-ion. The vaporizer may be readily 'removed and likewise the delivery duct tube be flexed Vor disconnected in such Upon. setting 4upthe brought into position as shown in Fig. 1.l lVith the tank valves 13 opened after the oxygen tank 11 andthe 63 have beenassembled, 16, 66,- will 'show at relation as desired. device, the parts are the respective gauges once the tank pressure;

`With the apparatusof this disclosure, the

single valve steps down the high pressure of thel tank fory direct .delivery to the patient,

at practically atmospheric pressure and this supply is automatically maintained and the volume taken is controlled directly by the patient. The propoi'tioning'or varying of of the volume ofoxygen as: to the volume of be drawnup against thecheeks form or'portability by re-` is mounted a mask proper c A10o litting of the mask against v `valve 50,Y 53,. (Fig. 4)

nitrous oxid is effected'. by the single manipulation of the oxgen valve, thereby modifying the total volume `from but Aone valve source.l This. does not aitect` the. aggregate flow for such aggregate How is determined by the-.breathing of. lthe patient Vand vthe action ot the automatic check valve 61, 62, (Figs. 3,. Accordingly as this'oxygen is open the proportion of the oxygen. passing from the oxygen bag 46 to theV delivery duct 7 2 by the check valve 61, v62, from the port above the nitrous oXidy bag 69 is increased, but the total volume passing the disk. 62 isv not necessarily increasedy Such volume passing this Weighted disk 62 is dei'initely controlled by thebreathing of the patient. The Weight of the disk 62 is proportioned to` theinhalation 'draft ott the patient, and is sui'iicient to hold the valve seated` in desired normal operation 'of eX- halation against the low pressure in the bags. 46, 69, acting upon the check valve 62 throughthe ports 48, 60.

C The vaporizer action may be eliminated'v by adjusting the' ports` 94, 95, to register, or by demounting the vaporizer entirely and connecting the. T-member port-ion 99 directly upon the portion 70.

In such. operations as it may be desired to use; ether or a vaporizer, the cup maybe insertedr in the, connection as shown and the proportioning-ot the vapor to be incorporated with the other gases may be readily controlled by rotating this cupl on its mounting stem. ,i

rlhe freedom of operationV of the relief valve 106,` 107,.may be adjusted by the set screw 109 for practically total eXhalation release or a desiredA distent-ion of the rebreathing bag4 101.. n This rebreathing bag 101, being of less capacity than the total volume of the patient, will take up but a portion of the eXhalation, thereby retaining a certain amount of the. richer gases returned as inthe delivery tube 102 and the large mouth and lungv passages, as Well as a little of the carbon-dioiiid exhalation Jfor exciting and maintaining thev breathing operationsv of the patient.

While thel relative4 size of the similar bags 46,- 69, may determine approximately the equalization oi the pressures therebetween, there mafy be additional means provided Whichy can permit of convenientsetting up of the pressure in these bags. To this end thereis mounted upon each fulcrum pin 40, a major yoke member V118 having` a minor yoke extension 119 (Figs. 1, 3). One

ot these miner yoke extensions 119, pivotally carries atube or stem 120 having an anchor 121 therein for tension spring 122, having an. anchor connection 123 With relatively telescopic stem 124 as to the tubular portion 120. The opposite yoke 118, 119, carries adjusting nut 125V so that graduations on the 4by Letters Patent is:

millimeters, the pressure of the 'gasy in` the bags, as the nut 125. travels; along the stem 24 pull the stem out of the tube 120 in placing the gas in theV bags V45, 69,. under pressure as indicated by the scale on. the

stem 124. v

rlheV compound lever automatic 'valve in its operation directly from high tank pressure down to practically atmospheric pressure in supply to a patient, is a simple single step mechanism. The gas` supply to the bag is always in directresponse torreplenishing ythe volume inhaled. In using the oxygen tor resuscitation .this `bag Will r spend automatically to thelabored breathing of the patient. The rebreathing bag'101, and adjustable spill valve'106, 107, insure economical handling of the gas and supply only as demanded by the patient. 'c l/Vhat is claimed and 1. A gas admfnistering machine embodying a main support unit comprising yoke and valve mounting means, said unit embodying chambers therein, valves on oppositesides et said unit for controlling suppliesi'to said connecting duct exterior ot chambers, and a said unit and extending'between the chainbers. n 1

2. A gas administering machine embodying a main support .unit comprising .av pair ot yokes, a pairofv valve ,mounting means, ducts from the yokes tothe valve mounting means, an automatic'yvalvefor each mounting means, a chamber foreach valve, and an additional duct exterior of said support unit and mounting means to. the valve chamber at the other mounting means for gas direct flow in one direction from one' of said chambers to the other. y

3. A gas administering machine embodying a main support unit comprisng a pair ot yokes, a pair of valve mountingV means,

it is desired to. secure:

directly from a valve chamber at one.

ducts from the yokes te the valve mounting for said valves, a duct exterior ot said housnitrous oxid valve, and a check valve for the gas from the bags, said cheek valve being adjacent the nitrous oXid valve and remote from the oxygen valve.

5. A gas adminstering machine embodying a main support, a pairost valves carried by the support, a housing for each valve,

bags connected to the valve housings, valve controlling means between -the bags: and

120.9 ing' and from the oxygen bagl directly to the l lee valves, and means carried by and extending between the valve housings and adjustable to modify the controlling means for simultaneously varying the control for bot-h bags whereby there is pneumatic bagresponse iOr more closely approximating pressure equ1 libriuin therebetween. 6. A gas administering machine embody` taneously varying the control for both bags including relatively movable Y members provided with graduations eo-acting tlierebetween.

a gas administering machine ernbodying a delivery duct, a support and a rebreathing bag, the combination of a T-conneet-ion having its upright stem pOrtion mounted on the support and connected lwith the delivery duct as to one armvof the T- cross portion, said rebreathing bag being mountedfon the opposite yarm of the T-cross yportion from said delivery duct.

8. A gas administering machine embodying a pair of bags, a pressure supply Jfor each bag, a valve between each supply and its bag, bag engaging means for operating the valves, and an adjustable extensible bar embodying telescopic sections between the engaging means for varying the vpressure action ot' said means simultaneously on each of said bags.y

In witness whereof I aiiiX my signature.

ELMERI. MGKEssoN. 

